MultiLegalPile: A 689GB Multilingual Legal Corpus

Joel Niklaus, Veton Matoshi, Matthias Stürmer, Ilias Chalkidis et al.

All authors

Joel Niklaus, Veton Matoshi, Matthias Stürmer, Ilias Chalkidis, Daniel E. Ho

ACL 2024, Volume 1: Long Papers

What it adds

Combines four corpora and evaluates adapted multilingual and monolingual encoders.

Read with this limitation

No deduplication; legal-mC4 may overlap other subsets. No large generative model was pretrained.

Jurisdiction tags
United States · Canada · European Union · Switzerland · United Kingdom · Germany · France · Brazil
Language
24 languages

Bulgarian · Czech · Danish · German · Greek · English · Spanish · Estonian · Finnish · French · Irish · Croatian · Hungarian · Italian · Lithuanian · Latvian · Maltese · Dutch · Polish · Portuguese · Romanian · Slovak · Slovenian · Swedish

Follow the source

Selected statements located in the linked primary sources. These results have not been independently reproduced here.

  1. The corpus totals 689GB across 24 languages and 17 jurisdictions.

    1 Contributions; 3.2 Description
  2. Final LEXTREME aggregate: Legal-XLM-R-large 59.5 versus XLM-R-large 59.3; improvement is small.

    5.3 Evaluation on LEXTREME
Entry status, source edition & rights
Index entry
Source-linked summary, prepared with agent assistance. Independent scholarly review is pending.
Archive admission
This bibliographic entry does not confer admission to the versioned archive.
Reading coverage
Canonical PDF sections 1-5, limitations, Appendix A disclosure, Appendix D/Table 8, Appendix E/Table 9; relevant references. Corresponding arXiv v3 HTML inspected selectively.
Rights
External references only. Papers and research artifacts remain with their original hosts; their own terms apply.
Entry updated
2026-10-15

Source-linked summary · independent assessment pending.

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